ISRO Achieves Breakthrough in Development of Semi-Cryogenic Engine for LVM3
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has announced a major advancement in the development of a high-thrust semi-cryogenic engine, marking a crucial step toward upgrading its heavy-lift launch vehicle, LVM3. As per agency report, the semi-cryogenic engine, capable of generating a thrust of 2,000 kilonewtons, is designed to replace the current core liquid stage (L110) of LVM3 and significantly enhance its payload capacity.
This engine, powered by a combination of liquid oxygen and kerosene, is part of ISRO’s plan to adopt cleaner and more efficient propellant systems. Unlike conventional hypergolic propellants, the semi-cryogenic system uses non-toxic and non-hazardous fuels, offering improved performance and reduced environmental impact.
The space agency reported its first major success in this programme on March 28, when it successfully conducted the inaugural hot test of the Engine Power Head Test Article (PHTA) at the ISRO Propulsion Complex in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. The test demonstrated smooth ignition and stable operation in boost strap mode for a duration of 2.5 seconds.
The primary objective of this test was to validate the integrated functioning of critical subsystems such as the pre-burner, turbo pump, start system, and control components within a short hot-firing duration. According to ISRO, the engine operated as expected, with all performance parameters meeting the predicted values.
This successful test paves the way for a series of further evaluations on the PHTA, aimed at fine-tuning and validating the engine’s performance before assembling the fully integrated engine. The development of the semi-cryogenic engine and its associated stage (SC120) is being spearheaded by ISRO’s Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC).
Once fully developed, the SE2000 engine will not only enhance the capability of LVM3 but will also serve as a power unit for the booster stages of future launch vehicles. ISRO's focus on this advanced propulsion technology reflects its commitment to pushing the boundaries of space transportation, enabling more ambitious missions in the years to come.
