Mangroves: Gujarat's Green Shield Against 'Biparjoy' Cyclone

Gandhinagar : As the world marks the International Day for Conservation of Mangrove Ecosystem on 26th July, a day established by UNESCO, the resilience of the mangrove forests of Gujarat stands out. These forests, known for their rich biodiversity, played a pivotal role in mitigating the devastating impacts of the 'Biparjoy' cyclone that hit Gujarat this June.

As per the agency report, the mangroves of regions like Kutch and Saurashtra acted as natural barriers, their intricate root systems diffusing the cyclone's ferocity and thereby shielding both human and animal populations. These wetland forests have time and again showcased their value as indispensable shields for coastal communities.

Taking cognizance of their significance, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has launched the Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats and Tangible Incomes (Mishti) scheme. The ambitious project, set out in the 2023-24 budget, aims to expand mangrove coverage to 540 sq km along India's coastline and salt-land regions in the next five years. This initiative will span 11 states and two union territories. By committing 80% of the project cost, with states covering the remaining 20%, the scheme emphasizes mangrove conservation as a central ecological strategy.

Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel has further bolstered these efforts by earmarking a budget of Rs 34 crore for mangrove conservation and restoration, divided between the Forest Department and the Gujarat Ecology Commission (GEC). GEC's longstanding commitment to mangroves has manifested in collaborative efforts involving local communities, NGOs, the World Bank, and private partners. Their aim is twofold: sensitizing communities to engage in sustainable practices like fish and crab farming, and ensuring mangrove preservation.

Under GEC's guidance, Community Based Organizations (CBOs) are entrusted with overseeing nursery rearing programs, simultaneously providing livelihoods, managing soil salinity, and conserving the mangrove ecosystem.

The success of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) models in both uplifting regional communities and safeguarding mangroves has prompted the Gujarat government to further such collaborations. Through the 'Mishti' scheme, numerous MoUs and strategic partnerships for mangrove conservation have been established.

Gujarat, a beacon of industrial growth, recognizes the importance of preserving its natural resources. This understanding is evident in its collaborative efforts involving various stakeholders like NGOs, research institutions, and local bodies. According to the Forest Survey of India (FSI-2021), the state boasts 1175 sq km of mangrove forests, trailing only the Sundarbans in West Bengal. With concerted efforts from the government and its partners, this green cover is set to grow, further fortifying Gujarat's coastlines.